The study of discourse has reaped the surface for discussion. Discourse is text, speech, both verbal and non-verbal, which is communicated continuously. Discourse is often influenced by social conditions. So that the language or text is no longer neutral.
One of the critical discourse analysis models is Norman Fairclough, which offers discourse analysis. According to him, text makers are no longer neutral but are influenced by the social context that develops in the area of the text or discourse maker. In Fairclough's analysis the text contains ideology and power. So the text is seen as a discourse practice and social change.
To reveal the meaning and meaning in the text Fairclough offers a three-dimensional analysis. Namely, First, the analysis of texts that contain things such as linguistics, coherence, diction, grammar and vocabulary. So that it is divided into representation, relations and identity. Then the representation is divided into clauses, a combination of clauses and a series of clauses.
Second, discursive practices which are divided into text production, text reproduction and text consumption. Thus, text production greatly influences discourse. The production environment influences discourse. Reproduction of text how it is distributed by what means. And then the consumption of text is that they no longer read the actual discourse but have interpreted the discourse.
Third, social practices which consist of situational scope that can influence discourse. Institutional publisher that can influence on external aspects. And the last is social which then leads to the social context when the text is made.
So, through this analysis, there is an ideology in discourse. Discourse naturalizes the ideology that becomes social construction. continuously communicated. So that the construction becomes a belief and awareness of the strong domination that hegemonies it.
Thus, the creation of text is greatly influenced by the environment that occurs. Discourse practice as production of text and consumption of text. And social practice as a combination between strong minorities that influence each other.
Therefore, discourse is no longer neutral behind language being stored in ideology. With language can be an instrument of power. So that it creates social problems of injustice, discrimination and oppression.
Identifying discourses to look for barriers to this social reality. As well as how the public's will in a discourse that spreads. So that the options from the community can surface.
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